1976 PONTIAC BONNEVILLE

Typical onset: 90,000-140,000 mi

Symptoms: slipping between gears especially 1-2 shift, delayed engagement into drive or reverse, burnt transmission fluid smell, complete loss of forward gears

Fix: Full rebuild required in most cases, 8-12 hours labor. These transmissions were running marginal from the factory with weak clutch packs and governor pressure issues. Band adjustments and fluid changes only buy time once slipping starts.

Estimated cost: $1,800-3,200

Typical onset: 120,000-180,000 mi

Symptoms: deep knocking sound from engine block especially on cold start, low oil pressure at idle, metallic rattling under load, oil contaminated with bearing material

Fix: Requires full engine teardown for main and rod bearing replacement, 18-24 hours labor. The 455 especially had oiling problems with undersized journals and oil pump wear. Often find crank needs machining or replacement adding $400-800 to the job.

Estimated cost: $3,500-5,500

Typical onset: 80,000-120,000 mi

Symptoms: excessive blue smoke on startup and acceleration, burning through quart of oil every 500-800 miles, carbon buildup on spark plugs, loss of compression in multiple cylinders

Fix: Ring and hone job if cylinders aren't scored, 14-18 hours labor. Problem is the soft rings GM used in this era combined with lean emissions tuning causing wash-down. Often find cylinder wear requiring .030 overbore adding another $600-900 in machine work.

Estimated cost: $2,200-4,000

Typical onset: 60,000-100,000 mi

Symptoms: clunking when shifting into drive or reverse, excessive drivetrain vibration, transmission appears to sag or sit low, harsh engagement

Fix: Transmission mount replacement, 1.5-2.5 hours labor. The rubber mounts disintegrate and the crossmember rusts through on cars from salt states. Often need to replace both mount and crossmember hardware. Easy job but gets expensive if crossmember needs fabrication.

Estimated cost: $250-600

Symptoms: hard starting after sitting, rough idle and stalling, fuel smell from engine bay, hesitation on acceleration

Fix: Rochester QuadraJet or 2-barrel carb rebuild with fuel filter and line cleaning, 3-5 hours labor. These cars sit a lot and modern ethanol fuel destroys the rubber components. Fuel pump diaphragms fail too. Usually need full fuel system flush.

Estimated cost: $400-850

Typical onset: 70,000-110,000 mi

Symptoms: severe knocking from bottom of engine, metal shavings in oil, sudden catastrophic failure, crankshaft wobble visible with balancer removed

Fix: The Buick odd-fire 231 V6 was a weak engine prone to crankshaft breakage. Requires complete engine teardown and crankshaft replacement, 16-20 hours labor. Often cheaper to find a used engine than rebuild. These V6 cars are parts donors, not restoration candidates.

Estimated cost: $2,800-4,500