Vehicle Speed Sensor
2021 Toyota Camry · 2.5L I4
Sensor Type
hall-effect
Waveform Type
dc-square
Location
Located on transmission output shaft housing, driver side of transaxle on U760E/U760F automatic transmission
Pins
3-pin connector
Timebase
10ms/div at 25 MPH
Voltage Scale
2V/div
Trigger
2.5V, rising edge
Wiring
Pink/Black (signal output to ECM pin T22), Black/Yellow (ground), Red/White (12V power from ECM)
Expected Voltage Range
At Idle
0V to 0V
At Higher RPM
0V to 5V
Expected Pattern
Square wave digital signal switching between 0V and 5V, frequency increases with road speed, 4000 pulses per mile
Known-Good Waveform
Clean square wave transitioning sharply between 0V and 5V (battery voltage). At 25 MPH, frequency should be approximately 165 Hz (4000 pulses/mile). Rise and fall times should be less than 1ms with no ringing or oscillation. Signal should be present anytime vehicle is moving with transmission in gear.
Common Failure Patterns
No signal output, voltage stuck at 0V or 5V
Cause: Failed hall-effect sensor, no power supply, open/shorted wiring, failed output shaft speed sensor
Erratic square wave with missing pulses or irregular frequency
Cause: Damaged reluctor ring on output shaft, internal transmission issue, loose sensor mounting
Related DTCs: P0503
Rounded or sloped edges instead of sharp transitions
Cause: High resistance in wiring, poor ground connection, failing sensor output transistor
Related DTCs: P0500
Diagnostic Tips
Verify 12V power supply at sensor connector with key on. ECM provides pull-up voltage for signal output. This sensor can be accessed from underneath vehicle without transmission removal. Compare VSS frequency to calculated speed from ABS wheel speed sensors - they should correlate within 2-3 MPH.
Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes
P0500P0501P0502P0503
Always confirm waveform data with your vehicle's OEM service manual before diagnosing.
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