Comprehensive pre-purchase inspection of a 2015-2020 Ford F-150 with 3.5L EcoBoost engine to assess overall vehicle condition, identify existing or potential issues, and verify proper operation of all major systems.

Warnings

Tools required

Preparation

1. Park vehicle on level ground in well-lit area
2. Perform initial walk-around to document exterior condition and check for accident damage
3. Verify VIN matches title and door jamb sticker
4. Check production date on door jamb to confirm model year
5. Allow engine to cool if vehicle was recently driven to assess cold start condition

Procedure

1. 1

   Perform cold start inspection
   With engine completely cold, start vehicle and listen for timing chain rattle, turbocharger noises, or other abnormal sounds during first 10-15 seconds. Note any check engine lights or warning messages on instrument cluster. Allow engine to reach operating temperature while monitoring temperature gauge for normal operation.
   ℹ️EcoBoost engines may exhibit brief rattle on cold start; excessive rattle lasting more than 5 seconds indicates potential timing chain wear
2. 2

   Scan for diagnostic trouble codes
   Connect OBD-II scanner and retrieve all stored, pending, and permanent trouble codes from all modules. Document codes and freeze frame data. Check readiness monitors to ensure vehicle has completed drive cycle. Clear codes only if seller authorizes and plan to retest after drive cycle.
   ⚠Incomplete readiness monitors may indicate recent code clearing to hide issues
3. 3

   Inspect engine bay and fluid conditions
   With engine at operating temperature, check all fluid levels and conditions. Inspect engine oil for proper level, color, and consistency on dipstick. Check coolant level in reservoir and examine for correct orange Motorcraft coolant color. Inspect brake fluid color and level. Check transmission fluid color through dipstick if accessible. Look for any fluid leaks around valve covers, oil pan, timing cover, turbocharger oil lines, and intercooler connections. Inspect all belts and hoses for wear or cracking.
4. 4

   Inspect turbocharger system
   Check both turbochargers for shaft play by attempting to move turbine shaft side-to-side and in-and-out (minimal movement is normal, excessive play indicates bearing wear). Inspect intercooler pipes and boots for oil residue indicating turbo seal leakage. Check for boost leaks at clamp connections. Verify wastegate actuators move freely. Listen for turbo spool during test drive and note any whistling or grinding noises.
   ℹ️Small amount of end play is normal; side-to-side play or grinding indicates turbocharger failure
5. 5

   Raise vehicle and secure on jack stands
   Raise vehicle using floor jack at manufacturer-specified lift points. Place jack stands under frame rails at all four corners. Gently lower vehicle onto stands and shake vehicle to ensure stability before working underneath. Remove wheels to inspect brakes and suspension components.
6. 6

   Perform comprehensive undercarriage inspection
   Inspect entire undercarriage for collision damage, rust, or corrosion on frame rails and cross members. Check for evidence of fluid leaks from engine oil pan, transmission, transfer case (if 4WD), and rear differential. Examine exhaust system for damage, rust, or aftermarket modifications. Inspect fuel lines and brake lines for corrosion or damage. Check for any loose or missing hardware. Document any undercoating or evidence of repairs.
7. 7

   Inspect brake system
   Measure brake pad thickness on all four corners (minimum 3mm remaining). Inspect rotors for scoring, heat spots, or excessive wear. Check brake calipers for leaks, seized pins, or corrosion. Examine brake lines and hoses for damage, bulging, or corrosion. Inspect parking brake cables and linkage. Test brake fluid with moisture test strips if available.
   ⚠Brake fluid absorbs moisture over time; high moisture content requires fluid replacement
8. 8

   Inspect suspension and steering components
   Check all ball joints, tie rod ends, and control arm bushings for excessive play or torn boots. Inspect front and rear shock absorbers for leaks or damage. Check sway bar links and bushings for wear. Examine CV axles (if 4WD) for torn boots or leaks. Rock steering wheel while observing steering linkage for excessive play. Check for any modifications to suspension or lift kits.
9. 9

   Inspect tires and wheel condition
   Measure tread depth on all four tires at multiple points across tread (minimum legal is 2/32 inch). Check for uneven wear patterns indicating alignment or suspension issues. Verify all tires are same size and appropriate load rating for F-150. Check tire age using DOT date code on sidewall. Inspect wheels for bends, cracks, or curb damage. Verify TPMS sensors are present and functional.
10. 10

    Inspect rear differential
    Check rear differential cover for signs of leakage around gasket or drain plug. Look for metal shavings on magnetic drain plug if accessible. Check differential fluid level through fill plug if accessible and examine color and consistency. Listen for whining or grinding noises from differential during test drive.
    ℹ️Metal shavings on drain plug may indicate gear wear or previous failure
11. 11

    Reinstall wheels and lower vehicle
    Reinstall all wheels and hand-tighten lug nuts in star pattern. Raise vehicle slightly off jack stands, remove stands, and lower vehicle to ground. Torque all lug nuts to specification in star pattern.
12. 12

    Perform test drive evaluation
    Test drive vehicle on variety of road conditions. Verify transmission shifts smoothly through all gears without slipping or harsh engagement. Test 4WD engagement if equipped. Listen for driveline vibrations, differential noise, or wheel bearing noise at various speeds. Test brakes for straight stopping without pulsation or pulling. Verify steering is responsive without excessive play or wandering. Accelerate firmly to test turbocharger boost response and check for misfires or hesitation. Monitor all gauges and warning lights during drive.
    ⚠10-speed transmission in some models may exhibit harsh 2-1 downshift or delayed upshifts; verify if TSBs apply
13. 13

    Test all electrical systems and accessories
    Verify operation of all lights including headlights, taillights, brake lights, turn signals, and interior lighting. Test all power windows, locks, and mirrors. Check operation of climate control system including A/C cooling and heat. Test radio, navigation, and backup camera if equipped. Verify cruise control, wiper functions, and horn operation. Check bed lighting and trailer brake controller if equipped. Test all USB ports and power outlets.
14. 14

    Inspect interior condition and safety equipment
    Check condition of seats, headliner, dashboard, and carpets for wear or damage. Test all seat adjustments and heating/cooling functions. Inspect seat belts for proper operation and condition. Verify airbag system has no warning lights. Check for water intrusion or mold in cab or under floor mats. Test parking brake operation and verify it holds vehicle on incline. Inspect pedal pads and floor mats for excessive wear indicating high mileage.
15. 15

    Final inspection and documentation review
    Verify VIN against title and registration documents. Check service records if available and compare to vehicle condition. Verify mileage is consistent with wear patterns and service history. Use paint thickness gauge to check for body repairs if available. Check door jambs, trunk weatherstripping, and panel gaps for accident repair evidence. Document all findings in written inspection report with photos. Rescan for any new trouble codes that may have set during test drive.

Reassembly

1. Ensure all wheels are properly torqued after test drive
2. Return all inspected components to original condition
3. Verify no tools or equipment left in engine bay or under vehicle

Verification

• Review complete inspection checklist to ensure all systems evaluated
• Confirm no new warning lights or messages appeared during or after inspection
• Verify all diagnostic trouble codes documented in final report
• Provide buyer with comprehensive written report including recommendations for immediate repairs and future maintenance
• Compare findings against seller claims and vehicle history report
• Research any identified issues for typical repair costs to inform purchase decision

More procedures for this vehicle